Heat olive oil in a large pot over medium heat. Add onion, bell pepper, and garlic. Cook 5 minutes until softened.
Stir in tomato paste and cook 1 minute to deepen flavor.
Add chili powder, smoked paprika, cumin, oregano, and cayenne. Toast 30 seconds until fragrant.
Add black beans, diced tomatoes, corn, and broth. Stir to combine and bring to a boil.
Reduce heat to low and simmer uncovered 25–30 minutes, stirring occasionally, until thickened.
Stir in soy sauce and lime juice (if using). Taste and adjust seasoning as needed.